immunology
20 stories tagged "immunology"
The 10-Year Crohn's Prediction Model Has Never Left the Military Cohort That Built It
Antibodies against gut-bacteria flagella and Epstein-Barr virus shift years before Crohn's is diagnosed, but the models scoring an AUC of 0.90 were built and judged inside one mostly male group of U.S. service members, with no independent validation yet.
Autoimmune & InflammationArthritis From Cancer Immunotherapy Comes Back With the Same T Cell Clones
Joint fluid drawn at a first flare and again at a relapse held the same expanded T cell clones, with a stronger inflammatory signature the second time. The durable immune memory these cancer drugs are sold on has a cost in the joints.
Metabolic & WeightThe Cells That Should Heal a Diabetic Wound Are Keeping It Open
The immune cells meant to close a diabetic ulcer get stuck attacking it instead, a Shanghai review argues. It maps the biology in detail, then concedes its central framework is contested and the fixes it points to have never been tested in a person.
Brain & AgingSusumu Tonegawa Caught Your Immune Cells Rewriting Their Own DNA, Then Went Hunting for Memories
Tonegawa, who died in July at 86, won the 1987 Nobel alone for showing how immune cells cut and paste their own genes to make antibodies, then moved to neuroscience and helped tie specific memories to brain cells that can be switched on with light in mice.
Infectious DiseaseA Week of Immunology, a Shared Hotel and a 'Transformative' Claim With No Alumni Count
Nine IUIS educators call their one-week immunology courses in low- and middle-income countries transformative. Their 2022 guidelines say the committee's budget partly funds 3 courses a year, and the program's 2019 self-assessment measured enjoyment and quiz scores, not careers.
Infectious DiseaseThe Gut Lining Was Supposed to Be Plumbing. A 500,000-Cell Atlas Caught It Fighting Each Microbe Differently.
Six microbes, six different reprogrammings of the intestinal lining, including a cell state that appears only during one bacterial infection and concentrates inside the lesions that bug builds.
Autoimmune & InflammationDonor T Cells Cross Into the Gut Lining and Become Resident Killers That Won't Leave
Columbia researchers tracked more than 51,000 donor T-cell clones across two years and found the ones tied to the worst graft-versus-host disease change identity depending on where they land in the gut, and spike in the blood weeks before symptoms show.
CancerThe Gene That Derails Brain Development Is Also a Brake on Your Killer T Cells
The same gene whose failure derails brain development in children sits like a brake on the CD8 T cells your body uses against chronic hepatitis B and cancer. Take the brake off in the lab, and their fate reroutes toward fighters that do not burn out.
Autoimmune & InflammationThe Immune Cells That Calm Autoimmune Disease Can Also Ignite It. One Protein May Hold the Switch.
Regulatory T cells keep autoimmune disease in check, but under inflammation they can shed their identity and turn inflammatory. In mice, researchers find a protein called TIF1γ restrains that defection by sending a runaway growth signal to be destroyed.
Infectious DiseaseThe HIV Reservoir Everyone Called Untouchable Has Natural Killer Cell Fingerprints All Over It
In 104 people on long-term HIV treatment, the ones whose natural killer cells were armed a certain way carried far fewer intact copies of the virus. The reservoir that defeats every cure turns out to carry the fingerprints of an immune fight nobody thought was happening.
Autoimmune & InflammationLupus Hits Nine Women for Every Man, and the Reason May Be Hiding in DNA Both Sexes Share
Scientists sequenced more than 1.25 million immune cells and found over 1,000 genetic switches set differently in men and women, with the female side tuned for stronger inflammation. It may help explain why lupus hits nine women for every man.
Infectious DiseaseYour Antibodies Are Still Fighting the 2020 Virus
For two years the message was that another ancestral booster would keep pace with the virus. The immunology says the opposite can happen: repeated shots against the 2020 strain can lock your antibodies onto a version of SARS-CoV-2 that stopped circulating, and in 2023 the WHO named immune imprinting
Autoimmune & InflammationOne Protein Keeps Your Immune System's Peacekeeper Cells From Switching Sides
Regulatory T cells are supposed to be the immune system's off switch. Strip out a protein called TIF1γ and, under inflammation, they lose that identity, start producing an inflammatory cytokine, and join the attack.
Autoimmune & InflammationA Map of 1.1 Million Lung Immune Cells Finds the Genetic Risk for Autoimmune Disease in Tissue, Not Blood
Researchers at La Jolla mapped genetic activity in 1.1 million lung immune cells and found about 1,000 genes whose activity is tuned by disease-risk variants only inside tissue, plus 1,700 that read differently in women than in men.
Infectious DiseaseIn Tuberculosis, the Cell We Called 'Neutral' Is the One Torching the Lung
In the people whose latent TB roared into active disease, the airways filled with neutrophils, half of them flipping on an interferon alarm, while their T cells were pushed to exhaustion and death.
Autoimmune & InflammationThe Allergy Cell Everyone Wanted Dead Turns Out to Run Your Gut Lining and Your Metabolism
Eosinophils were the villain of asthma and allergy, the cell whole-body drugs are built to erase. A decade of tissue biology says they also seal your gut, feed your antibodies, and tune your fat, and the trials never measured any of it.
CancerPregnancy Stations Killer T Cells in the Milk Ducts, and a Decade Later They Haven't Left
Melbourne researchers found that pregnancy stations killer T cells in the milk ducts, where they persist for at least a decade and track with better breast cancer outcomes. Now the race is on to summon them with a hormone shot instead of a pregnancy.
Infectious DiseaseMost People's Bodies Quietly Beat TB. The Ones Who Lose Are Drowning Their Own T Cells.
A new single-cell study of the airways of TB-exposed people finds that progression to disease tracks with a neutrophil flood that smothers protective T cells, with type I interferon as the switch.
Infectious DiseaseThe textbook said B cells take turns. A new temporal map of a malaria infection says they don't.
A new Nature Immunology temporal map of B cell responses to malaria in mice catches class-switching, clonal expansion, and somatic hypermutation overlapping from the first week, scrambling the tidy stepwise story textbooks still teach.
Autoimmune & InflammationYour Thymus Quietly Stages a Lung. Researchers Just Named the Cell Playing the Part.
A new Nature Immunology study identifies an alveolar lung-like cell hiding inside the thymus, where it appears to teach the immune system not to attack your real lungs.