Sarah Okonkwo
270 stories · Page 6 of 12
Thousands of Genes, 20 Volunteers, No Control Group: The Viral Orange Juice Study
The juice came from a citrus-growers' group, the study had no comparison drink, and 'thousands of genes' rests on 20 people, arriving the same summer the FDA loosened what counts as orange juice.
Drugs & FDATakeda Fixed the Narcolepsy Drug That Was Poisoning Livers. Now You Can't Buy It.
Oveporexton is the first drug to replace the orexin signal narcolepsy destroys, instead of stimulating around a tired brain. At the higher dose it leaves 60 percent of patients newly insomniac, and it still has to clear DEA scheduling before it reaches a pharmacy shelf.
Autoimmune & InflammationA Lung Atlas Found 1,000 Autoimmune-Risk Genes That Blood Studies Missed
For two decades, geneticists mapped thousands of autoimmune-risk variants that sat silent in blood cells. A 1.1-million-cell lung atlas shows the effects switch on only in immune cells lodged in tissue.
Brain & AgingAny Amount of Midlife Movement Tracked With Slower Brain Decline, Most Clearly in Mexican American Adults
In a San Antonio cohort followed since 1979, any physical activity in midlife tracked with slower brain decline, and the link showed up most clearly in the Mexican American adults Alzheimer's research keeps leaving out.
Brain & AgingThe Craving Brake Nobody Mapped: How GLP-1 Drugs Quiet Cravings From the Lateral Septum
The anti-craving effect pushing people to use a diabetes shot off-label against drinking traces to a brain region built to inhibit, not to reward, and the human evidence is still just two small trials deep.
Metabolic & WeightA Study Blames the Rising Atmosphere for Your Blood Chemistry. Your Own Breath Overwhelms It.
Blood bicarbonate climbed about 7 percent since 1999, and two researchers blame the rising atmosphere. But convert that 51 ppm into the pressure that reaches your lungs and it moves your blood by about 0.04 millimeters of mercury, roughly a thousand times too small to matter.
Infectious DiseaseFor Thirty Years, Doctors Here Were Taught North Carolina Had No Lyme. The Ticks Disagree.
Nearly 40 percent of the adult blacklegged ticks sampled in one western North Carolina town carried the Lyme bacterium, in a state where doctors were trained for thirty years that the disease barely exists.
Metabolic & WeightA Brain Protein Made Female Mice Overeat Fat, and the $441,000 Obesity Drug Worked Weakest on Them
Dietary fat switches on an appetite-protecting brain protein in male mice but not females. Delete it and the females overeat fat, gain more weight, and setmelanotide, the $441,000-a-year MC4R obesity drug, loses much of its appetite-suppressing punch on them.
Infectious DiseaseYour Antibodies Are Still Fighting the 2020 Virus
For two years the message was that another ancestral booster would keep pace with the virus. The immunology says the opposite can happen: repeated shots against the 2020 strain can lock your antibodies onto a version of SARS-CoV-2 that stopped circulating, and in 2023 the WHO named immune imprinting
Infectious DiseaseWarmer, Saltier, Fed on Sewage: Why a Flesh-Eating Bacterium Is Getting Meaner as It Moves North
Vibrio vulnificus kills roughly one in five people it infects, and its northern edge has climbed about 30 miles a year since 1998. The big paper this week reached instead for grief and eco-anxiety.
Metabolic & WeightThe Peptide Boom Hides One Divide: Human Trials on a Few, Rodent Data and Case Reports on the Rest
Semaglutide and tirzepatide erased up to 22 percent of body weight in trials with thousands of patients. The research-only peptides sold beside them, like BPC-157, have not completed a single published human efficacy trial. A popular 2026 guide lists them as equals.
Nutrition & FoodFor Forty Years They Said Skim the Fat. This Trial Fed People Full-Fat Dairy and the Cholesterol Held.
In a 74-adult trial, the group assigned three servings of full-fat dairy a day for twelve weeks held steady on weight, body fat, cholesterol and insulin resistance, and their blood pressure improved, against advice the guidelines have pushed since 1980.
Autoimmune & InflammationWhy Anti-TNF Keeps Failing So Many Crohn's Patients: The Drug Never Reached the Cell Holding the Disease Open
Anti-TNF biologics have muzzled the immune system for 25 years, and up to 46 percent of Crohn's patients still fail them. A single-cell atlas points at the structural cells of the gut wall, epigenetically rewired into a state the drugs were never built to reach.
InvestigationsThe Checklist Drove ICU Infections to Zero. The Federal Ethics Office Halted the Study.
A five-step checklist cut central-line infections 66 percent and was credited with 1,500 lives saved in Michigan ICUs. Then the federal office that guards research ethics ordered it halted, because the hospitals had never run it past an institutional review board.
Infectious DiseaseA Sauna Floods Your Blood With Immune Cells. It's a Flush, Not a Boost.
Fifty-one Finns sat in a 73°C sauna for half an hour, and every white blood cell type poured into their blood. Half an hour later the neutrophils and lymphocytes were back to baseline, and the immune system's chemical alarm had barely rung.
Brain & AgingThey Measured the Forever Chemicals in the Umbilical Cord Itself. The Babies With the Most Scored Lower at Two.
Scientists skipped the usual stand-in and measured the forever chemicals in the umbilical cord blood itself. By age two, the babies carrying more of them scored lower on communication and motor development, and the companies that made these chemicals knew the risk for decades.
Brain & AgingThe Stress Hormone Was Already High Before Daily Cannabis Users Woke Up
Oregon State measured the morning stress hormone in 39 daily users and 43 non-users. The people reaching for cannabis to unwind started every day with cortisol already running higher, and it tracked with the cannabis-related consequences they reported.
Metabolic & WeightThe Juice Industry Paid for the Study Telling You a Daily Glass Lowers Depression Scores
In a 42-person trial, the group that added a daily glass of juice improved on depression scores while the group that added only whole fruits and vegetables didn't, and the European juice trade body paid for the whole thing.
Autoimmune & InflammationOne Protein Keeps Your Immune System's Peacekeeper Cells From Switching Sides
Regulatory T cells are supposed to be the immune system's off switch. Strip out a protein called TIF1γ and, under inflammation, they lose that identity, start producing an inflammatory cytokine, and join the attack.
InvestigationsOne Irish Plant Releases Both of Sanofi's Pompe Enzymes. In June, the FDA Called Its Drugs 'Adulterated.'
One Irish plant runs the final release for both of Sanofi's lifelong Pompe enzymes. It just failed an FDA inspection on that exact step, and now the company says the fix could take months while patients confirm their next shipments.
InvestigationsFeed These Bacteria a Splash of Glycerol, and 95% of the Uranium Leaves the Water
Microbes in a flooded German uranium mine turned 95 percent of the dissolved metal into an iron compound that held together when oxygen returned, the exact failure that has always defeated standard cleanup.
Metabolic & WeightA Brown-Fat Gene Turns Out to Be the Dial Between a Heart Cell Dividing and Growing Up
Turn PRDM16 down and lab-grown heart cells start dividing again but stay weak. Turn it up and they mature but quit the cell cycle. It's the same gene that decides whether a cell becomes calorie-burning brown fat.
Nutrition & FoodThe Study Telling You Not to Bother Cutting Sweet Foods Was Co-Funded by the Soda and Sweetener Industry
The Sweet Tooth Trial found no reason to reduce sweet-tasting foods. Its private funders include the soda industry's trade group and the International Sweeteners Association.
Autoimmune & InflammationThe Body's Own Brake on Inflammation: Mapped in 2015, Still Not in a Pill
A kinase called MST4 rides the brake on TRAF6, the protein that lets inflammation spiral, doing gently from inside the cell what broad autoimmune drugs force from the outside. Researchers mapped it in 2015. No pill uses it yet.